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Lessons
25+ Lessons |
TestPrep
1
Introduction
- Organization of the Course
- Additional Course Resources
2
Signals and Spectra
- Digital Communication Signal Processing
- Classification of Signals
- Spectral Density
- Autocorrelation
- Random Signals
- Signal Transmission Through Linear Systems
- Bandwidth of Digital Data
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
3
Formatting and Baseband Modulation
- Baseband Systems
- Formatting Textual Data (Character Coding)
- Messages, Characters, and Symbols
- Formatting Analog Information
- Sources of Corruption
- Pulse Code Modulation
- Uniform and Nonuniform Quantization
- Baseband Transmission
- Correlative Coding
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
4
Baseband Demodulation/Detection
- Signals and Noise
- Detection of Binary Signals in Gaussian Noise
- Intersymbol Interference
- Equalization
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
5
Bandpass Modulation and Demodulation/Detection
- Why Modulate?
- Digital Bandpass Modulation Techniques
- Detection of Signals in Gaussian Noise
- Coherent Detection
- Noncoherent Detection
- Complex Envelope
- Error Performance for Binary Systems
- M-ary Signaling and Performance
- Symbol Error Performance for M-ary Systems (M > 2)
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
6
Communications Link Analysis
- What the System Link Budget Tells the System Engineer
- The Channel
- Received Signal Power and Noise Power
- Link Budget Analysis
- Noise Figure, Noise Temperature, and System Temperature
- Sample Link Analysis
- Satellite Repeaters
- System Trade-Offs
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
7
Channel Coding: Waveform Codes and Block Codes
- Waveform Coding and Structured Sequences
- Types of Error Control
- Structured Sequences
- Linear Block Codes
- Error-Detecting and Error-Correcting Capability
- Usefulness of the Standard Array
- Cyclic Codes
- Well-Known Block Codes
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
8
Channel Coding: Convolutional Codes and Reed–Solomon Codes
- Convolutional Encoding
- Convolutional Encoder Representation
- Formulation of the Convolutional Decoding Problem
- Properties of Convolutional Codes
- Other Convolutional Decoding Algorithms
- Reed–Solomon Codes
- Interleaving and Concatenated Codes
- Coding and Interleaving Applied to the Compact Disc Digital Audio System
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
9
Channel Coding: Turbo Codes and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) Codes
- Turbo Codes
- Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) Codes
- Appendix 8A: The Sum of Log-Likelihood Ratios
- Appendix 8B: Using Bayes’ Theorem to Simplify the Bit Conditional Probability
- Appendix 8C: Probability that a Binary Sequence Contains an Even Number of Ones
- Appendix 8D: Simplified Expression for the Hyper...e Natural Log of a Ratio of Binary Probabilities
- Appendix 8E: Proof that 𝛟(x) = 𝛟–1(x)
- Appendix 8F: Bit Probability Initialization
- References
- Problems
- Questions
10
Modulation and Coding Trade-Offs
- Goals of the Communication System Designer
- Error-Probability Plane
- Nyquist Minimum Bandwidth
- Shannon–Hartley Capacity Theorem
- Bandwidth-Efficiency Plane
- Modulation and Coding Trade-Offs
- Defining, Designing, and Evaluating Digital Communication Systems
- Bandwidth-Efficient Modulation
- Trellis-Coded Modulation
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
11
Synchronization
- Receiver Synchronization
- Synchronous Demodulation
- Loop Filters, Control Circuits, and Acquisition
- Phase-Locked Loop Timing Recovery
- Frequency Recovery Using a Frequency-Locked Loop (FLL)
- Effects of Phase and Frequency Offsets
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
12
Multiplexing and Multiple Access
- Allocation of the Communications Resource
- Multiple-Access Communications System and Architecture
- Access Algorithms
- Multiple-Access Techniques Employed with INTELSAT
- Multiple-Access Techniques for Local Area Networks
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
13
Spread-Spectrum Techniques
- Spread-Spectrum Overview
- Pseudonoise Sequences
- Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum Systems
- Frequency-Hopping Systems
- Synchronization
- Jamming Considerations
- Commercial Applications
- Cellular Systems
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
14
Source Coding
- Sources
- Amplitude Quantizing
- Pulse Code Modulation
- Adaptive Prediction
- Block Coding
- Transform Coding
- Source Coding for Digital Data
- Examples of Source Coding
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
15
Fading Channels
- The Challenge of Communicating over Fading Channels
- Characterizing Mobile-Radio Propagation
- Signal Time Spreading
- Time Variance of the Channel Caused by Motion
- Mitigating the Degradation Effects of Fading
- Summary of the Key Parameters Characterizing Fading Channels
- Applications: Mitigating the Effects of Frequency-Selective Fading
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
16
The ABCs of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing)
- What Is OFDM?
- Why OFDM?
- Getting Started with OFDM
- Our Wish List (Preference for Flat Fading and Slow Fading)
- Conventional Multi-Channel FDM versus Multi-Channel OFDM
- The History of the Cyclic Prefix (CP)
- OFDM System Block Diagram
- Zooming in on the IDFT
- An Example of OFDM Waveform Synthesis
- Summarizing OFDM Waveform Synthesis
- Data Constellation Points Distributed over the Subcarrier Indexes
- Hermitian Symmetry
- How Many Subcarriers Are Needed?
- The Importance of the Cyclic Prefix (CP) in OFDM
- An Early OFDM Application: Wi-Fi Standard 802.11a
- Cyclic Prefix (CP) and Tone Spacing
- Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Use of OFDM
- Drawbacks of OFDM
- Single-Carrier OFDM (SC-OFDM) for Improved PAPR Over Standard OFDM
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
17
The Magic of MIMO (Multiple Input/Multiple Output)
- What is MIMO?
- Various Benefits of Multiple Antennas
- Spatial Multiplexing
- Capacity Performance
- Transmitter Channel-State Information (CSI)
- Space-Time Coding
- MIMO Trade-Offs
- Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO)
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
18
Encryption and Decryption
- Models, Goals, and Early Cipher Systems
- The Secrecy of a Cipher System
- Practical Security
- Stream Encryption
- Public Key Cryptosystems
- Pretty Good Privacy
- Conclusion
- References
- Problems
- Questions
Appendix A: A Review of Fourier Techniques
- Signals, Spectra, and Linear Systems
- Fourier Techniques for Linear System Analysis
- Fourier Transform Properties
- Useful Functions
- Convolution
- Tables of Fourier Transforms and Operations
- sampled data fourier transform
Appendix B: Fundamentals of Statistical Decision Theory
- Bayes’ Theorem
- Decision Theory
- Signal Detection Example
Appendix C: Response of Correlators to White Noise
Appendix D: Often-Used Identities
Appendix E: s-Domain, z-Domain, and Digital Filtering
- The Laplace Transform
- The z-transform
- Digital Filtering
- Finite Impulse Response Filter Design
- Infinite Impulse Response Filter Design
